What is a Modular Connector? Why use it?

What is a Modular Connector?

Modular connectors, also commonly referred to as RJ connectors, have become extremely common in telecommunications and datacom applications since their early introduction by AT&T in the '60s. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) further regulated this interconnection solution in the 70s of the 20th century, becoming the registration system known today as the Registration Jack (RJ). The RJ system standardizes the wiring pattern, signal characteristics, and physical structure of the connector itself. Users can still see the naming convention of two numbers after "RJ" today to illustrate the difference in the packaging and intended use of the connector.
Module connector is a device used to connect different electronic modules, which can connect electronic modules of different powers, different types and different manufacturers together to form a fully functional electronic device. Modular connectors usually consist of multiple connecting components, conductive sheets, contact agents, etc.
The design and use of module connectors can greatly improve the flexibility and scalability of electronic products, and users and manufacturers can change or upgrade the functions of equipment by connecting or separating different modules, so as to realize the need for flexible configuration and real-time upgrade of equipment.

How do modular connectors work?

The working principle of modular connectors is based on the physical connection between the plug and the socket and the transmission of electrical signals. Here's how modular connectors generally work:
1. Physical connection: Modular connectors include plugs and sockets. The plug is usually fixed on one side of a device or component, while the socket is on the other side. The plug has raised pins or contacts, while the receptacle has holes or slots corresponding to it.
2. Alignment and Insertion: When the plugs and sockets of the two connectors are aligned, they can be easily inserted and form a physical connection. Typically, connectors have a guide structure to ensure proper alignment and insertion.

What are the advantages of modular connectors?

1. Low cost and high utilization rate:
2. No welding assembly
3. Easy to customize
4. It is easy to upgrade or replace old connectors
5. On-site assembly can be easily carried out with simple tools
6. Cable assemblies can be customized on site
7. Various options for connectors and wiring

What are the types of modular connectors?

A variety of modular connectors are available for specific applications. The most common types of connectors and their specifications are as follows:
• RJ10 – Simple 4P4C rectangular connector for some handsets
• RJ11 – The most common 6P4C used for corded phones, which can be 6P2C, 6P4C, or 6P6C square connectors, which serve to connect the modem to the telephone line
• RJ12 – Same size as RJ11, but with 6P6C
• DEC MMP/MMJ – Miniature version of the RJ11/12 connector for use in Digital Equipment Inc. equipment
• RJ13 – 6P4C, similar to RJ12 type, but with behind-the-line circuitry
• RJ14 – 6P4C, with two wires to connect two phones or modems
• RJ21 – Modular connector with up to 50 connectors for connecting up to 25 circuits in large telephone systems
• RJ22 – Similar in form factor to RJ11, but with 4P4C, which is typically used to connect to mobile phones
• RJ25 – 6P6C, similar to RJ11, but can connect three devices
• RJ45 – 8P8C or 8P10C for Ethernet LAN, WAN, WiFi routers, servers, modems, smart TVs, computers, game controllers, industrial/factory automation, telephony over IP (VOIP) systems,  robots
• RJ48 – 8P8C, a shielded cable similar to RJ45 but used to connect T1 cables
Modular connectors can contain 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 connector positions, although not all of these positions can be filled. For example, the RJ11 phone connector typically has 4 or 6 connections, while the Ethernet (RJ45) connector has 8 (8P8C) connections.

What are modular connectors used for?

1. Realize the interchange of electronic modules: Module connectors can connect different kinds of electronic modules produced by different manufacturers, so they can realize the assembly, maintenance and upgrading of electronic equipment.
2. Easy installation: When the module connector is installed and maintained, the whole equipment can be disassembled into multiple modules for easy handling.
3. Improve production efficiency: The use of module connectors allows electronic designers to focus on designing modules without thinking too much about the connection between modules, simplifying the production process and improving efficiency and quality.
4. Easy expansion: By connecting or disconnecting different modules, the expansion and upgrade of the equipment can be realized, so the module connector can make the electronic equipment continue to upgrade and iterate at the same time, without having to invest a lot of capital all the time.
The function of module connectors is to promote the design of electronic devices, realize the interchange of electronic modules, simplify the manufacturing process, improve production efficiency and facilitate the expansion and upgrading of equipment. As a result, it has become an indispensable part of the design and manufacture of modern electronic devices.

What is the difference between RJ11 and RJ12?

1. Number of joints: The difference between the two is that they have different number of joints, RJ11 has 4 joints, while RJ12 has 6 joints.
2. Interface shape: RJ11 connector is earlier than RJ12, and the two are different in interface shape. The RJ11 has a width of 11.92 cm, while the RJ12 has a wider width of 19.05 cm. The RJ12 unit is not only larger than the RJ11, but also has a more complex interface shape, with two lug tongues and grooves, as well as a locking hole, while the RJ11 only has two ear tongues and two holes.
3. Data transmission speed: RJ11 connector can only support one TDN (Network Transport Layer Protocol) line, while RJ12 connector can hold two TDN lines, because R.I12 connector has more types of interfaces, so its data transmission speed is faster.
To sum up, there are many differences between RJ11 and RJ12, especially in terms of interface size and data transfer speed, RJ11 has a slower transmission speed than RJ12. The right connector should be selected according to the actual needs.

How do you use modular RJ45 connectors?

There are two main standards involved in the wiring method of the RJ45 module: T568A and T568B. The main difference between the two standards is that the color order of the pairs is different, but their electrical properties are the same. Here are the specific wiring steps
1. Prepare tools: First of all, you need to prepare a set of network tools, including wire strippers, network cable pliers, RJ45 connectors (network cable crystal heads), etc.
2. Stripping and sorting: Use wire strippers to strip the outer sheath of the network cable, and trim the excess part to ensure that the wire core is flat. Then, follow the wiring scheme of the T568A or T568B, place the ends of the network cables in the order from left to right.
3. Insertion and crimping: Insert the network cable into the RJ45 connector, making sure that the cores are arranged in the same order. Squeeze the plug with a network cable plier to ensure a secure connection between the network cable and the RJ45 connector.
4. Test: Repeat the process of the other end to test whether the network cable can communicate normally. Generally, it is required that 12345678 be fully connected in order to ensure that the line sequence at both ends of the network cable is accurate and can carry out normal network communication.

The above is a detailed description of the modular connector, if you have any further questions, please feel free to contact us.

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